7° Combien de fois a-t-il été acclamé consul ? Geste et image sur la Colonne de Marc Aurèle à Rome, Turnhout, 2000, 19-88, Martines, G. 2001a: Colonna Traiana. Barbarian spolia entirely cover Sides 3-4 and on each die they are presented in two horizontal panels, one above the other. XXXVII. 1° Qui a offert la colonne ? The shaft has a simple but effective form of refinement (entasis), with a vertical profile up the lower five and a half drums, an arced profile up the next five drums, and a tapering profile to the top (Wilson Jones 1999; 2000, 130, Fig. maximus, tribune’s power for the 17th time, acclaimed imperator for the 6th time, consul for the 6th time, father of the state, 3° De qui cet empereur est-il le fils ? Mortared rubble walls were constructed inside the south-west corridor and a pier was added in the rear chamber of the pedestal. Les fabriques ont été très restaurées. The shaft of 17 drums stands on a square base and a torus, and is topped by a Doric capital, and a balcony formed by the top surface of the abacus. On the right side of the vestibule a door led directly to a staircase of 27 steps in four sections with four left-hand, ninety-degree turns. Les travaux ont débuté dès 107, date de la célébration du triomphe de Trajan pour ses victoires sur les Daces. The ceiling is one smooth, continuous surface. Contribution à une nouvelle interprétation de la scène IX, p. 273-310. The column stands on a torus, 0.855m. The door below the inscription is flanked and topped by sculpted military equipment. Reusable components removed at unknown dates included the four doors of the pedestal, the door leading onto the balcony, the balcony railings, and the bronze statue on the top of the monument. Instead of two courses each 1.525m. L'INSCRIPTION DE LA COLONNE TRAJANE J'ai essayé récemment de montrer dans la Revue archéologique i° Que la lacune, à la dernière ligne de cette inscription, ne comporte que quatre lettres, cinq au plus, de sorte que si on lit TAN [TIS, ce qui est assez nalurel, il ne reste que la place de deux lettres pour le mot suivant; The senate and people of Rome (dedicate this) to Shaft Scenes XLVII-VIII (window with damaged frame); XLIX and LVI-VII (Medieval clamp removal on drum joint line). The staircase then enters into an anticlockwise spiral or helix, in 11 turns, 14 steps in each full turn. Repairs were made to pedestal and shaft openings. 2001: Tra Damasco e Roma. a) Cherchez les différents mots abrégés (suivis d'un point). Son bas-relief s'enroulant autour de son fût est célèbre et décrit la victoire de l'empereur Trajas sur les Daces lors des deux guerres daciques (101-102 et 105-106). The overall height is 35.07m. ¤f ¤ğ [$ gdéì R J.-C. Ordonné par : Trajan: Type de bâtiment : Colonne commémorative: Le plan de Rome ci-dessous est intemporel. This gives a total of 29 pieces, all made of Carrara marble (marmor Lunensium), probably from the quarries at Fantiscritti (near Massa Carrara, Italy). En son centre se trouve la célèbre statue équestre de Marc Aurèle datant du IIe siècle. Externally the surfaces of the two drums above the balcony are also tooth-chisel dressed. Mass. Above the flutings the Column’s Doric capital is decorated with an egg-and-dart frieze of 24 eggs on its echinus, and a band of bead-and-reel below it. The decision was made not to fashion the pedestal from one, immensely heavy block. Trajan's Column, built by the architect Apollodorus of Damascus (60-129 (?) The small, rectangular window in the second course which lit the back chamber of the pedestal has at some time been blocked with a stone piece braced in place by a vertical clamp. This meant that the vertical joints were not directly aligned. 1. La colonne de Trajane est une colonne triomphale romaine située sur le forum de Tarjan à Rome. […] This is because Trajan’s Column stands on solid sandstone bedrock, while the later column was built on deep alluvial sediment. Several rectilinear sockets have been cut into the surface (as seen also on Side 3). […] For the Column the module was not exactly applied but increased slightly due to practical difficulties discovered and accommodated during execution. La colonne Trajane est une colonne d’ordre dorique haute de 40 mètres et faisant partie du Forum de Trajan. Spiral staircase, looking down (drum joint and window water ingress). ADDECLARANDVMQVANTAEALTITVDINIS MONSETLOCVSTANTISOPERIBVSSITEGESTVS 1) Retrouvez les différents mots de l'inscription en mettant des espaces. ), an observation with both structural and sculptural implications. Pedestal Side 1 engraving (G.B. A total of 185 steps took the visitor from the pavement outside the pedestal up to the balcony. to demonstrate the great height of the hill and the location of such work. Monumental texts were inscribed across multiple blocks on building facades, but at this scale such visual interruption could be, and was, avoided. The capital and balcony are also one block (c.56 tons), and two smaller drums were stacked above to provide a base for a crowning bronze statue (Martines 2001a, Pl. [e-version from Google Books and illustrations by M. Jules Duvaux]. ; Wilson Jones 2000, 72, 165-67). on the north-west side (Side 3), in order to illuminate the back room to best effect in the afternoon, and the middle of the first and second(?) A large piece has also been broken away around the joint between blocks of the fourth course (G and H). AD DECLARANDVM QVANTAE ALTITVDINIS Earthquakes affecting Rome wrought little damage to Trajan’s Column, at least compared with the Column of Marcus Aurelius. 73). Senatus populusque Romanus Imperatori Caesari divi Nervae filio Nervae Trajano Augusto Germanici Dacici pontifici Maximo tribunicia potestate septimum decimum Imperatori sextum consuli sextum patri patriae Ad declarandum quantae altitudinis Mons et locus tantis operibus sit egestus Le Sénat et le peuple romain (ont dédié ce monument) à l’Empereur César Nerva Trajan, fils du divin Nerva, Germain et Dacien. (Donner un exemple et dire de les mettre au datif sauf Trib.Pot.) The bottom line is damaged, but the late 8th century Codex Einsidlensis preserves the full text: SENATVS POPVLVSQUE ROMANVS the steep stairs for spectators in the Flavian Amphitheatre/Colosseum). C’est le seul vestige romaindu Forum qui est arrivé jusqu’à nous entièrement intacte ! Voir plus d'idées sur le thème colonne trajane, rome, colonnes. The dividing band, 0.02-0.05m. For larger parties of visitors, due to the balcony space and the narrowness of the staircase, it makes practical sense for a group of a dozen to climb up, view, then come back down, before the next twelve ascend. They proceeded thereafter with a lower field until, towards the top, they realized they had over-compensated and had somewhat more space to fill, so the three windings were made especially high. 1896, Scene LV). On Side 1 the mouldings around the door are damaged and a segment of stone flanking the joint above the lintel has been lost. Pedestal staircase, third flight, looking NW and down (left infill repair, block joint E-H at end). This presumably belonged to the miniature 10th century church of S. Nicola de Columna which used the Column as its campanile (Brizzi 2000, 231). On the latter stand two further cylindrical blocks which once supported a bronze statue of the emperor … Le fût est décoré d'une frise de bas-reliefs de 200 m de long, semblable à un immense rouleau de papyrusqui se développe en 23 spires jusqu'au sommet. Under the arch in Scene XCI the word ‘FONTANA’ was cut (Coarelli 2000a, Pl. Apart from serious problems with the putative, continuously illustrated pictorial scroll concept, close examination of the Column reveals that the flutings are in higher relief than the frieze. Liliana Marinescu-Nicolajsen, La Colonne Trajane : le tryptique de la victoire. TRAIANI) is a Roman triumphal column in Rome, Italy, that commemorates Roman emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars.It was probably constructed under the supervision of the architect Apollodorus of Damascus at the order of the Roman Senate.It is located in Trajan's Forum, north of the Roman Forum. high, the joint was raised by 0.17m., making the lower block taller than the upper (Wilson Jones 1993; 2000, Fig. Pedestal staircase, fourth flight looking SW and down (left block joint and clamp removal). The overall height is 35.07m. Pantheon threshold, Rome, a single block of africano marble. […] 88). Grand Pontife, titulaire pour la dix-septième fois de la puissance tribunicienne, acclamé imperator pour la sixième fois, consul pour la sixième fois, Père de la patrie. The 2,662 human figures on this frieze range between 0.6 and 0.8 m. in height, or less than half life-size, with markedly taller figures on the uppermost winding. ` õ õ î î ß ß ß ß ß î î î î Õ Ê Ê î î î À ¶ Employment of an ‘artificial’ module in the shaft design which dictated the space available for sculptural ornamentation has a major bearing on discussion of the helical frieze content. Generally it ignores the joints between column drums and the windows, in their regular, pre-determined positions, which have high relief, double-moulded frames. The pedestal has been badly fractured with large chunks broken away from the corners, especially on the plinth of the lowest course (A and B), and three out of the four margins of the second course up (C and D). La colonne est érigée au centre d'une petite cour de 24 mètres de large sur 16 mètres de profondeur , délimitée par la façade de la basilique Ulpienne, les deux bibliothèques qui se font face et l'entrée monumentale du forum sur le côté nord-ouest (voir le plan). In their talons they each clutch the ends of a pair of hanging laurel swags. 25). Ils racontent, du point de vue des Romains, le déroulement des guerres que Trajan a menées en Dacie. ğ ¤f ¤f [$ gdéì This layout is reflected on the designs of commemorative Trajanic coin issues depicting the Column (e.g. high and 5.30m. high, standing on a 5.29m.  6° Depuis quand est-il imperator ? Introduzione allo studio dei fregi d’armi antichi, Roma, Rockwell, P. 1981-83: ‘Preliminary study of the carving techniques on the Column of Trajan’, Marmi Antichi, Studi Miscellanei 26, Roma, 101-11, Rockwell, P. 1993: The Art of Stoneworking: a Reference Guide, Cambridge, Wilson Jones, M. 1999: ‘The practicalities of Roman entasis’, in Haselberger, L. Ses terrasses surplombent la majeure partie de Rome. (ed.) La Colonne Trajane (second edition includes plates, 1872-1874, reprinted by Nabu Press in 2010). Again ecclesiastical structures may have been built up against this side of the Column. It has been suggested that the earthquake of AD 1349 was responsible (Heiken et al. high pedestal, and made of Carrara marble. In 1536 Pope Paul III had the pedestal excavated so that the Column stood in a rectilinear pit (Lanciani 1990, 131-40; Coarelli 2000a, 257-59). The base of the pedestal is plain with two registers separated by a chamfer, and is crowned by an astragal decorated with guilloche, a narrow fillet, a cyma decorated with a double line of acanthus leaves, and a cable moulding (Martines 2001a, Pl. ñ Dédié à Trajan par le sénat, le 12 mai 113, le monument témoigne de la... Pour lire l’intégralité de … Ostia Capitolium threshold detail (in light drizzle). Middle and upper shaft exterior with window alignment and NE-facing door, looking NW. : : O ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ¤ Ş Ş Ş Ş Ş Ş Ş L ˜ ˜ ˜ ˜ ¬ P 5 : Ô ( ü ü ü ü ü " * ´ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ $ o h × ¦ Ú Ş 2 ü ü 2 2 Ú Ş Ş ü ü ï $ $ $ 2 Æ Ş ü Ş ü ´ $ 2 ´ $ $ L Ş Ş t ü È ğÎs�Î¦È ˜ ø " d ´ 0 5 l }! J.-C.). The overhanging balcony suffered considerable damage over time, and this in particular increased rain-wash erosion on the upper surface of the shaft. This has greatly brightened up the monument, and it is hoped that decreased emissions in the city will retard the future build up of surface pollutants. 1988: La Colonna Traiana, Torino, 549-97, Agosti, G. and Farinella, V. 1988b: ‘Il fregio della Colonna Traiana e i Francesi’, in Francesi 1988, 19-231, Armstrong, G. 1983: ‘Trajan’s Column in the wars’, Sunday Times Magazine, February 20th, 32-4, Beckmann, M. 2002: ‘The ‘columnae coc(h)lides‘ of Trajan and Marcus’, Phoenix 56, 348-57, Beckmann, M. 2006: ‘The direction of carving of the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius’, Mitteilungen des Deutchen Archäologischen Instituts (Römische Abteilung) 112, 225-36, Brizzi, B. Paris. Monument. 8.9). à Seventeen drums are stacked to form the rest of the shaft, each weighing approximately 29-33 tons after sculpting. Therefore, logically, the latter is not wrapped over, but cut into, the column surface. Les reliefs de la colonne Trajane forment un bas-relief qui s'enroule en hélice autour du fût de la colonne Trajane, de la base au sommet. Trajan’s Column, Scene LXXVIII, Victory and drum joint. and 3.00m. Appartenant au nouveau forum construit par Trajan et son architecte Apollodore de Damas à la suite des victoires sur les Daces, la colonne Trajane, inaugurée en 113 de notre ère, occupait le centre d'une cour située entre deux salles de bibliothèque, l'une grecque et l'autre latine, à l'arrière de la grande basilique (basilica Ulpia) qui barrait le fond du forum de Trajan. As part of a wide-ranging series of monumental restorations, Pope Sixtus V ordered work on Trajan’s Column, overseen by Domenico Fontana and Carlo Maderno. La frise représente en tout 184 scènes montrant les différents épisodes de la conquête de la Dacie, montrant l'empereur menant ses troupes, donnant des conseils, toujours glorifié : Trajan est représenté 59 fois. Pedestal stair first flight, looking SE and down (block joints B-C-F; left window; lamp niche on far wall). La colonne Trajane, d’après le surmoulage exécuté à Rome en 1861-1862. Pour un article plus général, voir Colonne Trajane. Similarly stone has fallen away immediately below a joint between drums in a few places on the exterior, most seriously in Scenes CI and CXLVII where human figures have gone. Dal tempo dei calchi di Luigi XIV e Napoleone III allo stato attuale’, in Francesi 1988, 281-98, Please address questions about the project to Dr Jon Coulston La colonne a … a The shaft surface is carved with a 200m. Scene XCVIII (heavily eroded and verdigris wash on left). Upper shaft exterior looking NNE (SW window alignment below broken top opening). Temple of Concord, Forum Romanum, Rome, Augustan threshold of two continuous blocks of portasanta marble. 1938: Roman Lettering. colonne Trajane. Doors and railing were restored. email: jcnc@st-andrews.ac.uk, Description and Condition of Trajan’s Column. The relief is on average 0.05 deep, but this varies, and appears lowest on the south-east face, highest on the north-west. TRAJANA Just as with the figure of San Paolo on the Marcus Column, the saint gazes towards the Vatican. S. SETTIS, La Colonna Traiana, Torino, 1988, p. 542. ); in the third the north-west block (E) is broader (2.95m.) Corpus dei disegni, 1981-2001, Roma, Martines, G. 2001b: ‘Note di tecnica su Apollodoro di Damasco’, in Festa Farina et al. Overall, something in the order of 988 tons of marble made up the finished monument (Coarelli 2000b, Fig. Internal surfaces exhibit the tool-marks of tooth-chiselling, so walls, helical ceiling and window-splays were not further worked to a smooth finish. Some 542(?) Un bas-relief s'enroule sur toute la hauteur de son fût de 40 m. 92). The Horologium obelisk (re-erected in the Piazza di Montecitorio) may have used a 100-foot measure for its shaft, pedestal and globe. The clamps linking the marble components of the Column were quarried out, including the four between each drum of the shaft removed from inside the staircase. Traduction de R. Chevalier, 1976. . LA COLONA The cornice consists of a bead-and-reel astragal, a narrow fillet, a cyma recta decorated with a double row of upward pointing acanthus leaves, a narrow fillet, an ovolo moulding with bead-and-reel, a plain projecting moulding, an ovolo with two rows of narrow leaves pointing downwards, and a narrow fillet. On no side does the medial areas of the hanging swags survive damage. Openings were broken right through the thickness of the outer wall in some cases, damaging the helical frieze with consequent loss of some human figures (notably in Scenes VI; XLIII.2; LVI-VII; LXII.1; LXXIII.11-16; LXXXII.1, 3; XCII; CIV.5; CIII.10, 12, 14, 16; CXV; CXXVI.9-11; CXXXIX.9-CXL.1). They follow the joint between courses, with some marginal overlap. At the top of the shaft the frieze appears to wrap around 24 flutings which have sharp arrises. high, standing on a 5.29m. Pedestal interior, back room, looking NE (rough chiselling of removed bench seen lower left, back and floor). 10). Upper pedestal, looking South (torus damage). Top of the spiral staircase (lamp niche on left and surrounding graffiti).

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